INTERNATIONAL
ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION
ORGANISATION
INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
ISO/IEC JTC
1/SC 29/WG 11
CODING OF MOVING
PICTURES AND AUDIO
ISO/IEC JTC
1/SC 29/WG 11/N7221
April 2005,
Busan, KR
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Title:
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Introducing
MPEG-21 Part 17 – an Overview
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Source:
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MDS
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Status:
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Approved
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Part
17 of ISO/IEC 21000 is entitled Fragment Identification for MPEG Resources and
specifies a normative syntax for URI Fragment Identifiers to be used for addressing
parts of any Resource whose Internet Media Type is one of:
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audio/mpeg
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video/mpeg
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video/mp4
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audio/mp4
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application/mp4
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video/MPEG4-visual
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application/mp21
The tools
specified in this part of ISO/IEC 21000 allow identification of a part of a
Resource by providing a format for the reference to the part using a Fragment
Identifier. The Fragment Identifiers defined in this specification are distinct
from the Digital Item Identifiers specified in ISO/IEC 21000-3 for identifying
the “fundamental units of trade” (i.e. Digital Items) within the MPEG-21 Multimedia
Framework.
MPEG
URI Fragment Identifier schemes offer comprehensive and flexible mechanisms
for addressing fragments of audiovisual content. Therefore, their use may potentially
be extended to other audiovisual MIME types.
Such
URI Fragment Identifiers are to be used after the ‘#’ character of a URI reference.
The syntax for URI Fragment Identifiers defined in this specification is based
on the W3C XPointer Framework Recommendation and adds the ability to address:
- Temporal, spatial and spatio-temporal locations
- Logical unit(s) of a resource according to a given Logical Model
- A byte range of a resource
- Items or Tracks of an ISO Base Media File
ISO/IEC
21000-17 consists firstly in a set of generic principles for addressing fragments
of multimedia resources. This set of principles is referred to as MPEG URI Fragment
Identifier Framework. In addition, the specification provides a set of normative
pointer schemes to be used in the context of this framework (Figure 1).
The ffp()
pointer scheme applies to files formats conforming to ISO/IEC 14496-12 and 14496-12/Amd.1
and allows the identification of an item or a track as defined in these specifications.
The offset()
pointer scheme applies to any binary resource and identifies a byte range in
a binary data stream.
The mp()
pointer scheme provides two complementary mechanisms for identifying fragments
in a multimedia resource:
- Firstly, the mp() pointer
scheme defines a set of so-called axes, which allow the identification of
temporal, spatial or spatio-temporal fragments in a multimedia Resource, e.g.
an audio, an image or a video, independent of the coding format.
- Secondly, the mp() pointer
scheme allows the addressing of fragments of a multimedia resource via a given
hierarchical Logical Model of the resource, e.g. a track in an audio CD. Such
Logical Models may be standardised or proprietary. This specification defines
a syntax based on XPath’s location paths for locating Logical Units in such
a hierarchical Logical Model.
Together,
these two mechanisms allow, for example, the addressing of:
- a time point or a time
range in an audio CD track.
- one, several or all
the chapters of a DVD
- a moving-region in
a video sequence
- a volume of an object
in a 3D image
For example,
the following URI identifies a time point of 50 seconds from the beginning of
a Track in an MPEG-21 file. This Track is located in the file via its track_ID,
which equals 101.
http://example.com/myFile.mp21#ffp(track_ID=101)*mp(/~time(’npt’,’50’))